Purpose

The Sentencing Academy is a research and engagement charitable incorporated organisation dedicated to developing understanding of sentencing in England and Wales and informing public debate.

It promotes an evidence-based approach to sentencing and encourages effective sentencing practices that reduce re-offending, provide justice to victims, and promote public confidence.

Our work is diverse and broad, covering sentencing for both youths and adults from out of court disposals through to release from custody and post-release conditions. We act as a hub for a growing network of researchers active in this field of work, commissioning, and co-ordinating original and experimental research.

Our Work

We offer a range of services as follows:

The Sentencing Academy Team

Professor Julian Roberts KC (Hon)

Co-Executive Director

Dr Jonathan Bild

Deputy Director

Professor Estella Baker

Co-Executive Director

Ellie Cumbo

Director of External Relations

Cynthia Akinsanya

Outreach & Engagement Lead

Gavin Dingwall

Head of Policy and Communications

Annabel Taiti

Finance and Operations Administrator

Lewis Hazeldine

Kalisher Trust Intern

The Sentencing Academy Trustees

Mike Hough

Bethany Currie

Gregor Donaldson

Orla Slattery

Anna Draper

Peter Hungerford-welch

Ian Brownhill

Section Title

Measuring Sentence Inflation in England and Wales

The Sentencing Academy has published a new analysis, authored by Jose Pina-Sánchez, Julian V. Roberts and Jonathan Bild, of sentence inflation in England and Wales since 2005. Read the report here:...

Briefing: Sentencing Guidelines (Pre-sentence Reports) Bill

Background On 1 April 2025, the Government published the Sentencing Guidelines (Pre-sentence Reports) Bill. It will have its Second Reading on 22nd April. This draft legislation amends the Coroners...

The Government, Parliament and the Sentencing Council

The recent disagreement between the Lord Chancellor and the Sentencing Council has raised questions about how the Council develops its guidelines, and how much input the Government currently has into...

Research and Policy Officer Vacancy

We are looking for a Research and Policy Officer on an initial one year fixed-term contract. The primary responsibility for this role will be to create content for our forthcoming Sentencing Hub...

The new Imposition Guideline and the role of the Pre-Sentence Report at sentencing

This explainer discusses the role of the Pre-Sentence Report (PSR) in light of the Sentencing Council’s recently amended guideline regarding the Imposition of Community and Custodial Sentences...

A (Re)View of the Future? What sentencing policy will look like after Gauke

By Ellie Cumbo Last week, the Independent Sentencing Review published its interim report. Although its scope is limited to just the first of seven themes that were set out in last year’s Call for...

Totality

Totality comes into play when one of two situations arises during a sentencing exercise: Where someone is being sentenced for multiple offences and where an offender is already serving an existing...

Response to Independent Sentencing Review 2024 to 2025

The Sentencing Academy has submitted a response to the Independent Sentencing Review 2024 to 2025. You can read our response below and also an additional technical appendix that sets out further...

Sentencing Council, Sentencing Academy and The City Law School join forces to explore perspectives on sentencing

Leading experts in the field of sentencing gathered to explore important and current sentencing-related issues at a seminar jointly hosted by the Sentencing Council, Sentencing Academy and The City...

Professor Julian Roberts

Executive Director

Julian V. Roberts is a Professor of Criminology in the Centre for Criminology, University of Oxford and former member of the Sentencing Council of England and Wales (2009-2018).

He was an advisor to the American Law Institute Model Penal Code Sentencing Project and has been a Visiting Professor at: the Faculty of Law, University of Ferrara; Haifa Global Law School; School of Law, Kings College; the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge; the Centre of Criminology, University of Toronto; the School of Criminology, Catholic University of Leuven and the Department of Criminology, Université Libre de Bruxelles. His research and teaching interests include: Sentencing; Public Opinion; and the Criminal Process.

Professor Julian Roberts

Executive Director

Julian V. Roberts is a Professor of Criminology in the Centre for Criminology, University of Oxford and former member of the Sentencing Council of England and Wales (2009-2018).

He was an advisor to the American Law Institute Model Penal Code Sentencing Project and has been a Visiting Professor at: the Faculty of Law, University of Ferrara; Haifa Global Law School; School of Law, Kings College; the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge; the Centre of Criminology, University of Toronto; the School of Criminology, Catholic University of Leuven and the Department of Criminology, Université Libre de Bruxelles. His research and teaching interests include: Sentencing; Public Opinion; and the Criminal Process.

Dr Jonathan Bild

Deputy Director

Before joining the Sentencing Academy, Jon held a variety of teaching positions between 2011-19 at the Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge, where he primarily taught courses on criminal justice.

He was awarded his PhD by the same institution in 2014, with a thesis examining the evolution of sentencing for murder in England and Wales.

Dr Jonathan Bild

Deputy Director

Before joining the Sentencing Academy, Jon held a variety of teaching positions between 2011-19 at the Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge, where he primarily taught courses on criminal justice.

He was awarded his PhD by the same institution in 2014, with a thesis examining the evolution of sentencing for murder in England and Wales.

Professor Estella Baker

Co-Executive Director

Estella developed interdisciplinary expertise in punishment and sentencing; EU/European criminal law and justice; and mentally disordered offenders during her academic career before joining the Sentencing Academy. 
She has held visiting positions at the Institute of Criminology, Cambridge; Simon Fraser University, British Columbia; and the Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Penal Law in Freiburg. Prior to Brexit, she was a member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on EU Criminal Policy, and she has delivered training for the Judicial College (2012-2014) and for the European Judicial Training Network (since 2016).

Professor Estella Baker

Co-Executive Director

Estella developed interdisciplinary expertise in punishment and sentencing; EU/European criminal law and justice; and mentally disordered offenders during her academic career before joining the Sentencing Academy. 
She has held visiting positions at the Institute of Criminology, Cambridge; Simon Fraser University, British Columbia; and the Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Penal Law in Freiburg. Prior to Brexit, she was a member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on EU Criminal Policy, and she has delivered training for the Judicial College (2012-2014) and for the European Judicial Training Network (since 2016).

Ellie Cumbo

Director of External Relations

Ellie Cumbo is a public policy specialist with significant experience of analysing and seeking to influence government decisions and legislation on justice. Prior to joining the Sentencing Academy, she was an adviser to Labour both in opposition and in government. She has also led policy teams at both the Law Society and Bar Council, and worked for leading charities focusing on the rehabilitation of offenders and the experience of victims.
 
In addition to her work at the Sentencing Academy, she is a freelance policy and strategy consultant in the voluntary sector, and a councillor in the London Borough of Southwark.
 

Ellie Cumbo

Director of External Relations

Ellie Cumbo is a public policy specialist with significant experience of analysing and seeking to influence government decisions and legislation on justice. Prior to joining the Sentencing Academy, she was an adviser to Labour both in opposition and in government. She has also led policy teams at both the Law Society and Bar Council, and worked for leading charities focusing on the rehabilitation of offenders and the experience of victims.
 
In addition to her work at the Sentencing Academy, she is a freelance policy and strategy consultant in the voluntary sector, and a councillor in the London Borough of Southwark.
 

Cynthia Akinsanya

Outreach & Engagement Lead

Cynthia has worked in the not-for-profit sector for regional, national, and international charities for almost 20 years and she has been a magistrate since 2008 in the adult courts.

Cynthia leads on cultivating relationships between The Sentencing Academy and the magistracy and voluntary organizations.

Cynthia Akinsanya

Outreach & Engagement Lead

Cynthia has worked in the not-for-profit sector for regional, national, and international charities for almost 20 years and she has been a magistrate since 2008 in the adult courts.

Cynthia leads on cultivating relationships between The Sentencing Academy and the magistracy and voluntary organizations.

Gavin Dingwall

Head of Policy and Communications

Gavin combines his Academy work with a Professorship in Law at Northumbria University.

His scholarship includes the following books: Minority Ethnic Prisoners and the COVID-19 Lockdown: Issues, Impacts and Implications (with Avril Brandon, 2022); Criminal Justice and the Pursuit of Truth (with Tim Hillier, 2021); Blamestorming, Blamemongers and Scapegoats: Allocating Blame in the Criminal Justice Process (with Tim Hillier, 2015); Alcohol and Crime (2006); Crime and Conflict in the Countryside (edited with Susan R. Moody, 1999); and Diversion in the Criminal Justice Process (with Christopher Harding, 1998).

Gavin Dingwall

Senior Research Fellow

Gavin held a Chair in Criminal Justice Policy at De Montfort University, Leicester from 2012 until 2022. In 2016, he was Visiting Professor at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.

His scholarship includes the following books: Minority Ethnic Prisoners and the COVID-19 Lockdown: Issues, Impacts and Implications (with Avril Brandon, 2022); Criminal Justice and the Pursuit of Truth (with Tim Hillier, 2021); Blamestorming, Blamemongers and Scapegoats: Allocating Blame in the Criminal Justice Process (with Tim Hillier, 2015); Alcohol and Crime (2006); Crime and Conflict in the Countryside (edited with Susan R. Moody, 1999); and Diversion in the Criminal Justice Process (with Christopher Harding, 1998).

Annabel Taiti

Finance and Operations Administrator

Annabel is a seasoned professional with a background in international development, covering programme management, finance, and operational areas of work supporting the most vulnerable in those societies. 

However, in recent years, her focus has shifted to national charities using her contributions to make a positive difference where it’s needed.  

Annabel Taiti

Finance and Operations Administrator

Annabel is a seasoned professional with a background in international development, covering programme management, finance, and operational areas of work supporting the most vulnerable in those societies. 

However, in recent years, her focus has shifted to national charities using her contributions to make a positive difference where it’s needed.  

Professor Mike Hough

Mike Hough is an Emeritus Professor at Birkbeck, University of London and a member of the Institute for Crime & Justice Policy Research (ICPR), which he founded and directed until his retirement in 2016. 

The European Society of Criminology awarded him the 2020 ESC European Criminology Award in recognition of his lifetime contribution to European criminology, and the British Society of Criminology awarded him its 2021 Outstanding Achievement Award.

Professor Mike Hough

Mike Hough is an Emeritus Professor at Birkbeck, University of London and a member of the Institute for Crime & Justice Policy Research (ICPR), which he founded and directed until his retirement in 2016. 

The European Society of Criminology awarded him the 2020 ESC European Criminology Award in recognition of his lifetime contribution to European criminology, and the British Society of Criminology awarded him its 2021 Outstanding Achievement Award.

Bethany Currie

Beth Currie is the Senior Researcher for Alex Cunningham MP, the Shadow Minister for Courts and Sentencing. 

She previously worked in other parliamentary offices and in the press office at the Crown Prosecution Service focussing on their media response to violence against women and girls.

Bethany Currie

Beth Currie is the Senior Researcher for Alex Cunningham MP, the Shadow Minister for Courts and Sentencing. 

She previously worked in other parliamentary offices and in the press office at the Crown Prosecution Service focussing on their media response to violence against women and girls.

Gregor Donaldson

Gregor Donaldson is currently a judicial clerk at the Royal Courts of Justice, having recently acquired a Postgraduate Diploma in Law (PGDL) from BPP University. 

He has worked in public affairs, communications and journalism, and was previously employed by the UK Department for Health and Social Care and the World Health Organization during the Covid-19 pandemic, and Mercy Corps Nigeria during the Boko Haram displacement crisis. He completed his undergraduate degree in history at the University of Edinburgh before undertaking graduate study at Cambridge and Yale universities.

Gregor Donaldson

Gregor Donaldson is currently a judicial clerk at the Royal Courts of Justice, having recently acquired a Postgraduate Diploma in Law (PGDL) from BPP University. 

He has worked in public affairs, communications and journalism, and was previously employed by the UK Department for Health and Social Care and the World Health Organization during the Covid-19 pandemic, and Mercy Corps Nigeria during the Boko Haram displacement crisis. He completed his undergraduate degree in history at the University of Edinburgh before undertaking graduate study at Cambridge and Yale universities.

Orla Slattery

Orla Slattery is a lecturer at Nottingham Law School, where she teaches criminal law and practice on both undergraduate and professional courses. 

Orla previously worked as an in house solicitor providing advice to police forces. Orla also worked as a criminal defence duty solicitor, providing advice and representing clients at the police station, magistrates and crown court.

Orla Slattery

Orla Slattery is a lecturer at Nottingham Law School, where she teaches criminal law and practice on both undergraduate and professional courses. 

Orla previously worked as an in house solicitor providing advice to police forces. Orla also worked as a criminal defence duty solicitor, providing advice and representing clients at the police station, magistrates and crown court.

Anna Draper

Anna was a Kalisher intern at the Sentencing Academy between October 2021 and May 2022. She is a law graduate and has an MA in Legal and Political Theory from UCL. Anna is currently Training & Casework Coordinator at the death penalty charity, Amicus ALJ. 

She completed a placement in Texas in 2020 working on state and federal habeas appeals in capital cases and has experience in civil and criminal pro bono work. She is starting criminal pupillage at QEB Hollis Whiteman in September 2023 after being called to the Bar in 2021.

Anna Draper

Anna was a Kalisher intern at the Sentencing Academy between October 2021 and May 2022. She is a law graduate and has an MA in Legal and Political Theory from UCL. Anna is currently Training & Casework Coordinator at the death penalty charity, Amicus ALJ. 

She completed a placement in Texas in 2020 working on state and federal habeas appeals in capital cases and has experience in civil and criminal pro bono work. She is starting criminal pupillage at QEB Hollis Whiteman in September 2023 after being called to the Bar in 2021.

Peter Hungerford-Welch

Peter Hungerford-Welch is a Professor Law at The City Law School, City, University of London. His past and present teaching includes modules on the Bar Vocational Studies programme (the BVS) and the Master of Laws (LLM) programme, and supervision of dissertations on those programmes. He is a contributor to Blackstone’s Criminal Practice. 

His other major published work is Criminal Litigation and Sentencing (Routledge). He is a regular contributor to the Criminal Law Review and is the Cases Editor for that journal. He is an academic member of the Law Society’s Criminal Law Committee. He has been a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy since 2003.

Peter Hungerford-Welch

Peter Hungerford-Welch is a Professor Law at The City Law School, City, University of London. His past and present teaching includes modules on the Bar Vocational Studies programme (the BVS) and the Master of Laws (LLM) programme, and supervision of dissertations on those programmes. He is a contributor to Blackstone’s Criminal Practice. 

His other major published work is Criminal Litigation and Sentencing (Routledge). He is a regular contributor to the Criminal Law Review and is the Cases Editor for that journal. He is an academic member of the Law Society’s Criminal Law Committee. He has been a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy since 2003.

Ian Brownhill

Ian Brownhill is a barrister at 39 Essex Chambers and Her Majesty’s Assistant Coroner for Kent. Ian has been involved in prison law for over a decade and was a caseworker at the Prisoners’ Advice Service before joining the Bar. 

Ian has particular interest and expertise in offenders with mental health or mental capacity issues and works extensively in cases where there is an overlap between the criminal justice system and the Court of Protection. Outside of criminal justice work, Ian works extensively in safeguarding cases and holds judicial positions at the Football Association and the British Equestrian Federation.

Ian Brownhill

Ian Brownhill is a barrister at 39 Essex Chambers and Her Majesty’s Assistant Coroner for Kent. Ian has been involved in prison law for over a decade and was a caseworker at the Prisoners’ Advice Service before joining the Bar. 

Ian has particular interest and expertise in offenders with mental health or mental capacity issues and works extensively in cases where there is an overlap between the criminal justice system and the Court of Protection. Outside of criminal justice work, Ian works extensively in safeguarding cases and holds judicial positions at the Football Association and the British Equestrian Federation.